European routes.
The durable European residency programmes that remain — each suited to a different objective.
Spain abolished its golden visa in April 2025. Portugal removed real estate as a qualifying asset in 2023 and, in 2026, extended its ordinary naturalisation period to ten years. Greece replaced its flat €250,000 entry point with area-based tiers. Ireland and the United Kingdom closed their investor routes. The durable European options that remain are Portugal, Greece, Hungary and Italy — each suited to a different objective.
All figures are indicative minimums and exclude government, legal and processing fees. Programme terms change frequently; we confirm current requirements at engagement.
The durable European routes.
For European routes, we are candid about what each programme now actually offers — because, here too, the marketing has aged badly.
Portugal Golden Visa
€500,000 (qualifying fund) · Renewable residence; ~10 years to naturalisation
Still open and still low-presence at roughly seven days a year, but real estate no longer qualifies and naturalisation now takes ten years. Moore Law advises on the realistic horizon.
EuropeGreece Golden Visa
€250,000 / €400,000 / €800,000 (tiered) · Renewable residence; no minimum stay
Europe's strongest remaining property route, now at area-based tiers, with no minimum stay. Moore Law confirms the applicable tier and conducts independent property due diligence.
EuropeHungary Guest Investor Residence Permit
€250,000 (accredited real-estate fund) · 10 years, renewable; no physical presence
A ten-year EU residence permit with zero physical-presence requirement and immediate Schengen access. Moore Law assesses the accredited-fund route and manages the application.
EuropeItaly Investor Visa
€250,000 (innovative start-up) · Renewable residence; flexible presence
A flexible, capital-markets-oriented route for investors who never wanted a property purchase. Moore Law matches the route to your objectives and tax position.
We confirm the live position for any programme at the point of advice.
Looking for a passport rather than a residence permit?
Citizenship by investment confers full citizenship and a passport, usually without a prior period of residence. Our Second Citizenship pillar covers the Caribbean, Türkiye, Egypt, Jordan and the honest European position after the 2025 ruling.